Pengaruh Karakteristik Petani Terhadap Tingkat Adopsi Pemupukan Berimbang Pada Usahatani Jagung

Studi Kasus Petani Jagung di Desa Watangpanua, Kecamatan Angkona, Kabupaten Luwu Timur

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan karakteristik petani jagung, menganalisis tingkat adopsi pemupukan berimbang pada usahatani jagung, dan menganalisis faktor karakteristik petani yang mempengaruhi tingkat adopsi pemupukan berimbang pada usahatani jagung di Desa Watangpanua, Kecamatan Angkona, Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Watangpanua, Kecamatan Angkona, Kabupaten Luwu Timur pada bulan April-Juni 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan teknik pengukuran metode scoring dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Karakteristik petani di Desa Watangpanua yaitu usia responden dengan rata-rata 45 tahun, pendidikan formal responden mayoritas tingkat SD. Luas lahan yang dimiliki rata-rata 0,27 Ha, pengalaman berusahatani responden rata-rata 18,27 tahun, pendapatan responden rata-rata 2.830.232 juta, jumlah tanggungan keluarga rata-rata 3 orang, dan intensitas mengikuti penyuluhan dominan aktif yaitu sebanyak 35 orang dengan persentase 81,4%. (2) Tingkat adopsi pemupukan berimbang pada usahatani jagung adalah sedang dengan persentase sebesar 69,4% dan (3) Faktor karakteristik petani secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat adopsi pemupukan berimbang. Namun jika di uji secara parsial maka tingkat pendidikan dan intensitas mengikuti penyuluhan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Sedangkan usia, jumlah tanggungan, pengalaman berusahatani, luas lahan dan pendapatan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat adopsi pemupukan berimbang pada usahatani jagung di daerah penelitian.

The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of corn farmers,  to analyze the level of adoption of balanced fertilization in corn farming, and to analyze the characteristics of farmers that influence the adoption rate of balanced fertilization in corn farming in Watangpanua Village, Angkona District, Luwu Regency. East. This research was conducted in Watangpanua Village, Angkona District, East Luwu Regency in April-June 2022. The research method used was descriptive analysis using the scoring method and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that (1) the characteristics of the farmers in Watangpanua Village were the age of the respondents with an average of 45 years, the formal education of the majority of the respondents was at the elementary level. The area of land owned is an average of 0.27 Ha, the average respondent's farming experience is 18.27 years, the average respondent's income is 2,830,232 million, the average number of family dependents is 3 people, and the intensity of participating in counseling is dominantly active, namely as many as 35 people with a percentage of 81.4%. (2) The adoption rate of balanced fertilization in corn farming is moderate with a percentage of 69.4% and (3) Farmer characteristic factors together have a significant effect on the adoption rate of balanced fertilization. However, if tested partially, the level of education and intensity follow counseling has a significant effect, while age, number of dependents, farming experience, land area and income have no significant effect on the adoption rate of balanced fertilization in corn farming in the study area.