Gambaran Kecenderungan Ambivalent Sexism pada Tenaga Kerja di Kota Makassar

Authors

  • Andi Adinda Salsabila Rukman Psikologi Universitas Bosowa
  • Musawwir Musawwir Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Bosowa
  • Andi Muhammad Aditya Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Bosowa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56326/jpk.v3i2.2300

Keywords:

Ambivalent Sexism , Tenaga Kerja, Seksisme

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecenderungan tingkat ambivalent sexism berdasarkan demografi pada tenaga kerja di Kota Makassar dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 614 responden yang sedang bekerja dengan rentang usia 18 sampai 36 tahun ke atas. Instrumen pengambilan data yang digunakan yakni alat ukur Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) yang diadaptasi lalu dimodifikasi oleh peneliti. Alat ukur yang dimodifikasi dan kemudian di uji coba memperoleh nilai reliabilitas sebesar 0,855 yang berarti alat ukur dinyatakan reliabel. Hasil analisis deskriptif kemudian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ambivalent sexism pada tenaga kerja di kota Makassar berada pada kategori sedang. Selain itu, dari dua komponen ambivalent sexism juga diketahui bahwa tingkat benevolent sexism pada tenaga kerja di kota Makassar lebih tinggi dibanding dengan hostile sexism.

References

Chatterjee, R. (2018). A New Survey Finds 81 Percent Of Women Have Experienced Sexual Harassment [online]. Diakses pada tanggal 6 Januari 2022 dari https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/21/587671849/a-new-survey-finds-eighty-percent-of-women-have-experienced-sexual-harassment.

Cheng, P., Shen, W., & Kim, K.Y. (2019). Personal Endorsement of Ambivalent Sexism and Career Success: an Investigation of Differential Mechanisms. Journal of Business Psychology, 35, 783 – 798.

Clow, K.A., Ricciardelli, R., & Bartfay, W.J. (2014). Attitudes and Stereotypes of Male and Female Nurses: The Influence of Social Roles and Ambivalent Sexism. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 46 (3), 446 – 455. DOI: 10.1037/a0034248.

Cowie, L.J., Greaves, L.M., & Sibley, C.G. (2019). Sexuality and Sexism: Differences in Ambivalent Sexism Across Gender and Sexual Identity. Personality and Indivdual Differences, 148, 85 – 89.

Currie, D., Gormley, T., Roche, B., & Teague, P. (2016). The Management of Workplace Conflict: Contrasting Pathways in the HRM Literature. International Journal of Management Review, 00, 1-19.

Feather, N.T., & Boeckmann, R.J. (2007). Beliefs About Gender Discrimination in the Workplace in the Context of Affirmative Action: Effects of Gender and Ambivalent Attitudes in an Australian Sample. Sex Roles, 57, 31 – 42.

Glick, P., & Fiske, S.T. (1996). The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70 (3), 491-512.

Glick, P., & Fiske, S.T. (1997). Hostile And Benevolent Sexism Measuring Ambivalent Sexist Attitudes Toward Women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 119-135.

Glick, P., Sakalli-Ugurlu, N., Ferreira, M.C., & de Souza, M.A. (2002). Ambivalent Sexism And Attitudes Toward Wife Abuse In Turkey And Brazil, Pscyhology of Woman Quarterly, 26, 292 – 297.

Glicke, P., & Fiske, S.T. (1996). The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3 (70), 491 – 512.

Gumelar, M.S. (2017). Jurnal Studi Kultural Volume II Nomor 2. Tangerang: An1mage Studios.

Heilman, M. E., & Eagly, A. H. (2008). Gender stereotypes are alive, well, and busy producing workplace discrimination. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(4), 393-398.

Helaluddin., & Wijaya, H. (2019). Analisis Data Kualitatif: Sebuah Tinjauan Teori dan Praktik. Makassar: Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Jaffray.

International Labour Organization. (2015). Woman in Business and Management: Gaining Momentum – Global Report. Geneva: International Labour Office.

International Labour Organization. (2018). World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends for Woman 2018 – Global Snapshot. Geneva: International Labour Office.

King, E.B., Botsford, W., Hebl, M.R., Kazama, S., Dawson, J.F., & Perkins, A. (2012). Benevolent Sexism at Work: Gender Differences in the Distribution of Challenging Developmental Experiences. Journal of Management, 38 (6), 1835-1866.

Marwing, A., & Yunus. (2020). Perempuan Islam dalam Berbagai Persepktif: Politik, Pendidikan, Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sosial, Budaya. Yogyakarta: Bintang Pustaka Madani.

Matlin, M.W. (2012). The Psychology of Women, Seventh Edition. Amerika Serikat: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Moayed, F.A., Daraiseh, N., Shell, R., & Salem, S. (2006). Workplace Bullying: A Systematic Review Of Risk Factors And Outcomes. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 7 (3), 311 – 327.

Nunez-Smith, M., et.al. (2009). Race/Ethnicity and Workplace Discrimination: Results of a National Survey of Physicians. J Gen Intern Med, 24 (11), 1198 – 1204.

Pratiwi, H.D., Sunarto, S., & Lukmantoro, T. (2021). Diskriminasi Gender terhadap Jurnalis Perempuan di Media. Interaksi Online, 9 (3), 111 – 125.

Putra, M.G.B.A., Herdiana, I., & Alvian, I.N. (2012). Pengantar Psikologi Sosial. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.

Rivai, R. (2019). Mari Belajar Ekonomi: Buku Peminatan Ilmu Sosial Kelas XI. Jawa Timur: Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia.

Sakalli, N. (2001). Beliefs About Wife Beating Among Turkish College Students: The Effects of Patriarchy, Sexism, and Sex Differences. Sex Roles, 44 (9), 599 – 610.

Sakalli-Ugurlu, N., & Beydogan, B. (2002). Turkish College Students’ Attitudes Toward Women Managers: The Effects of Patriarchy, Sexism, and Gender Differences. The Journal of Pshychology, 136 (6), 647-656.

Sanderson, C.A. (2010). Social Psychology. Amerika Serikat: Wiley (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

Simbolon, S. (2021). Pengaruh Stress, Lingkungan dan Budaya Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan. Yogyakarta: Bintang Surya Madani.

Suryanto., Putra, M.G.B.A., Herdiana, I., Alfian, I.N. (2012). Pengantar Psikologi Sosial. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.

Van den Bos, G.R. (2015). American Psychological Association Dictionary of Psychology, Second Edition. Washington: American Psychological Association.

Wijaya, H. (2018). Analisis Data Kualitatif, Ilmu Pendidikan Teologi. Makassar: Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Jaffray.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-29