ANALISIS PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN TENAGA MEDIS DALAM PERKARA MALAPRAKTIK MEDIS

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis unsur-unsur tindak pidana malapraktik dalam studi kasus Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak (RSIA) Paramount dan proses pertanggungjawaban tindak pidana pada kesehatan yang melakukan malapraktik melalui pendekatan restorative justice. Metode penelitian digunakan pendekatan normatif empiris dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kasus malapraktik pada tahun 2021 terdapat 2 kasus malapraktik yang dilaporkan di Polda Sulsel, tetapi penyelesaiannya dilakukan di luar pengadilan karena pihak korban menerima pertanggungjawaban secara materil, pada tahun 2022 tidak ada laporan mengenai kasus malapraktik, kemudian pada tahun 2023 terdapat 2 kasus malapraktik yang dilaporkan dan kasus tersebut merupakan tindak pidana malapraktik tetapi di selesaikan dengan damai, dan 2024 terdapat 1 kasus malapraktik yang sedang dalam proses penyelidikan oleh pihak penyidik Polda Sulsel. Pasal 192 UU No. 17 tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan menyatakan bahwa rumah sakit bertanggung jawab atas kerugian akibat kelalaian sumber daya kesehatannya. Data dari Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Selatan menunjukkan fluktuasi kasus malapraktik medis dari tahun 2021 hingga 2024. Penyelesaian kasus dari 2021 hingga 2024 lebih mengarah pada pendekatan keadilan restoratif, yang menekankan penyelesaian di luar pengadilan dengan mempertimbangkan kepentingan semua pihak yang terlibat. Tenaga Medis dan dokter yang terlibat masih dapat dikenai sanksi dari organisasi profesi seperti IDI atau POGI. Sanksi ini dapat berupa pemberhentian praktik sementara atau pencabutan izin praktik.

This research project aims to examine the elements of criminal malpractice in the case study of Paramount Mother and Child Hospital (RSIA) and the process of criminal responsibility among health professionals who engage in malpractice through a restorative justice lens. The research method employed is the normative empirical approach. The data were collected through interviews and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that in 2021, two malpractice cases were reported to the South Sulawesi Police. However, the cases were settled outside of the court system because the victims received material compensation. In 2022, no reports of malpractice were filed. In 2023, two malpractice cases were reported. In one instance, the case was resolved peacefully, while in the other, the case was a criminal act of malpractice. In 2024, one malpractice case was in the process of being investigated by the South Sulawesi Police. The legal responsibility of hospitals in the context of medical malpractice is defined by Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health, particularly Article 192, which stipulates that hospitals are liable for losses resulting from the negligence of their healthcare personnel. The data provided by the South Sulawesi Regional Police indicates a fluctuating trend in the number of medical malpractice cases from 2021 to 2024. The resolution of cases from 2021 to 2024 was predominantly in accordance with a restorative justice approach, which prioritizes out-of-court settlements by considering the interests of all parties involved. Medical personnel and doctors involved may still be subject to disciplinary measures from professional organizations such as IDI or POGI. These sanctions may take the form of a temporary suspension of practice or revocation of a practice license..