EXPLORASI RASIO OPTIMUM SILIKON DAN NITROGEN (Si/N) UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN FITOPLANKTON JENIS DIATOM Skeletonema Costatum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35965/jae.v6i1.3154Keywords:
Diatom, Nitrogen, Silikon, Skeletonema sp.Abstract
Dalam kegiatan budidaya perikanan banyak menggunakan pakan alami yaitu fitoplankton untuk memacu pertumbuhan organisme budidaya. Diatom adalah jenis fitoplankton yang sangat penting pada ekosistem perairan budidaya karena memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang baik, tidak menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air, dan keberadaannya tidak berdampak negatif pada lingkungan. Untuk pertumbuhan diatom skeletonema costatum dibutuhkan nutrien yang mengandung silikon (Si) dan nitrogen (N). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi rasio optimum kebutuhan Si dan N untuk pertumbuhan diatom. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan masing-masing 3 ulangan yaitu perlakuan A (kontrol) = rasio Si/N = 1:1, B = rasio Si/N = 2:1, C = rasio Si/N = 1: 2, dan D = rasio Si/N = 1: 4. Variabel yang diamati adalah kualitas air yakni pH, suhu, salinitas DO, nitrogen (NH3-N; NO3-N; NO2-N), silika (SiO2), fosfat (PO4), dan kepadatan sel diatom serta kandungan nutrisi (analisis proksimat) yang meliputi protein, karbohidrat, dan lemak. Hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan pengaruh perlakukan rasio Si/N terhadap padat sel skeletonema costatum yang terjadi sejak hari ke-1 hingga hari ke-8. Perubahan kualitas air sangat jelas khususnya untuk parameter NH3-N dan NO3-N pada perlakuan C dan D. Rasio di mana Si ditemukan sebagai faktor pembatas didapatkan pada Si/N = 1:4 dan rasio optimum dan efisien pada perlakuan Si/N= 1:1. Dari hasil ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya informasi khususnya peran rasio Si/N untuk pertumbuhan diatom pada skala laboratorium maupun dalam manajemen lingkungan untuk kegiatan budidaya.
In aquaqulture activity, many use natural foods such as phytoplankton to stimulate the growth of culutured organism. Diatom is a type of phytoplankton that is very important in aquatic ecosystem because it has good nutritional content. It does not cause a decrese in water quality and its presence doesn not have a negative impact on the environment. For diatom growth skeletonema costatu, it requires nutrients containing Silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N). This study aimed to explore the optimum ratio of Si and N requirements for diatom growth. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments, each replicated 3 times: Treatment A (control) = Si/N ratio of 1:1, B = Si/N ratio of 2:1, C = Si/N ratio of 1:2, and D = Si/N ratio of 1:4. The variables observed were water quality including pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrogen (NH3-N; NO3-N; NO2-N), silicate (SiO2), phosphate (PO4), diatom cell density, also nutrient content (proximate analysis) including protein, carbohydrate, and fat. ANOVA analysis result showed differences in the influence of treatment Si/N ratio on the cell density of skeletonema costatum from day 1 to day 8. Clear changes in water quality were observed, especially for NH3-N and NO3-N parameters in treatments C and D. The limiting factor for growth was observed at Si/N = 1:4, while the optimum and efficient ratio was found in treatment Si/N = 1:1. This result expected to enrich information, especially regarding the role of the Si/N ratio for diatom growth on a laboratory also in environmental management for cultivation.
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