Implikasi Urban Sprawl Terhadap Tingkat Kerentanan Banjir di Kecamatan Biringkanaya Kota Makassar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35965/ursj.v7i2.6059Keywords:
Urban Sprawl, Kerentanan Banjir, Pengendalian BanjirAbstract
Fenomena urban sprawl sebagai akibat dari urbanisasi yang tidak terkendali telah menjadi tantangan serius dalam perencanaan kota, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan meningkatnya risiko bencana banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh urban sprawl terhadap tingkat kerentanan banjir di Kecamatan Biringkanaya, Kota Makassar, serta merumuskan upaya pengendalian banjir yang dapat dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis spasial, skoring, overlay union, dan uji korelasi Pearson. Variabel urban sprawl meliputi kepadatan penduduk, kepadatan bangunan, jarak ke pusat kota, buffer jaringan jalan, dan pola pembangunan leapfrog. Sedangkan variabel kerentanan banjir meliputi curah hujan, jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan, dan kemiringan lereng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara tingkat urban sprawl dengan tingkat kerentanan banjir. Semakin tinggi tingkat urban sprawl di suatu wilayah, semakin tinggi pula tingkat kerentanannya terhadap banjir. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan pengendalian penggunaan lahan dan perencanaan ruang yang lebih berkelanjutan untuk mengurangi risiko banjir di wilayah urban fringe.
Urban sprawl, as a consequence of uncontrolled urbanization, has become a significant challenge in urban planning, especially regarding the increasing risk of flooding disasters. This study aims to analyze the impact of urban sprawl on flood vulnerability in Biringkanaya Subdistrict, Makassar City, and identify the control measures that can be implemented. A quantitative approach was used with spatial analysis, scoring, overlay union, and Pearson correlation testing. The urban sprawl variables include population density, building density, distance to the city center, road network buffer, and leapfrog development patterns. Meanwhile, flood vulnerability variables include rainfall, soil type, land use, and slope. The findings show a significant relationship between the level of urban sprawl and flood vulnerability. The higher the urban sprawl in an area, the greater the flood vulnerability. This study recommends policies on land use control and more sustainable spatial planning to reduce flood risks in urban fringe areas.
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